Here I am sharing my point of view about task and it's just point of view ( opinion) and it's my reading and that kind of possibility are there that we can interpreted or illustrate with the other way also.
About French resistance
- Autobiography work
Maybe this work is talk about existentialism and observability.
1] But according to me it's personal autobiographycal element , we can find it also.
In this context, Camus's allegory of the wartime occupation of France reopened a painful chapter in the recent French past, but in an indirect and ostensibly apolitical key. It thus avoided arousing partisan hackles, except at the extremes of left and right, and took up sensitive topics without provoking a refusal to listen. Had the novel appeared in 1945, the angry, partisan mood of revenge would have drowned its moderate reflections on justice and responsibility. Had it been delayed until the 1950s, its subject-matter would probably have been overtaken by new alignments born of the cold war.
Oran, the setting for the novel, was a city Camus knew well and cordially disliked, in contrast to his much-loved home town of Algiers. He found it boring and materialistic and his memories of it were further shaped by the fact that his tuberculosis took a turn for the worse during his stay there. This involuntary deprivation of everything that Camus most loved about his Algerian birthplace - the sand, the sea, physical exercise and the Mediterranean sense of ease - was compounded when he was sent to the French countryside to convalesce. The Massif Central of France is tranquil and bracing, and the remote village where Camus arrived in August 1942 might be thought the ideal setting for a writer. But 12 weeks later, in November 1942, the Allies landed in North Africa. The Germans responded by occupying the whole of southern France (hitherto governed from Vichy by Pétain's puppet government) and Algeria was cut off from the continent. Camus was thenceforth separated not just from his homeland but also from his mother and his wife, and would not see them again until the Germans had been defeated. Illness, exile and separation were thus present in Camus's life as in his novel, and his reflections upon them form a vital counterpoint to the allegory.
Camus put himself directly into the characters of the novel, using three of them in particular to represent his moral perspective. Rambert, the young journalist cut off from his wife in Paris, is initially desperate to escape the quarantined city. His obsession with his personal suffering makes him indifferent to the larger tragedy, from which he feels quite detached - he is not, after all, a citizen of Oran, but was caught there by chance. It is on the eve of his getaway that he realises how, despite himself, he has become part of the community and shares its fate; ignoring the risk and in the face of his earlier, selfish needs, he remains in Oran and joins the "health teams". From a purely private resistance against misfortune he has graduated to the solidarity of a collective resistance against the common scourge.
Camus's identification with Dr Rieux echoes his shifting mood in these years. Rieux is a man who, faced with suffering and a common crisis, does what he must and becomes a leader and an example, not out of heroic courage or careful reasoning, but rather from a sort of necessary optimism. By the late 1940s Camus was exhausted and depressed at the burden of expectations placed on him as a public intellectual: as he confided to his notebooks, "everyone wants the man who is still searching to have reached his conclusions". From the "existentialist" philosopher (a tag that Camus always disliked), people awaited a polished worldview; but Camus had none to offer. As he expressed it through Rieux, he was "weary of the world in which he lived"; all he could offer with any certainty was "some feeling for his fellow men and [he was] determined for his part to reject any injustice and any compromise".
Dr Rieux does the right thing just because he sees clearly what needs doing. In Tarrou, Camus invested a more developed exposition of his moral thinking. Tarrou, like Camus, is in his mid-30s; he left home, by his own account, in disgust at his father's advocacy of the death penalty - a subject of intense concern to Camus and on which he wrote widely in the postwar years. Tarrou has reflected painfully upon his past life and commitments, and his confession to Rieux is at the heart of the novel's moral message: "I thought I was struggling against the plague. I learned that I had indirectly supported the deaths of thousands of men, that I had even caused their deaths by approving the actions and principles that inevitably led to them."
This passage can be read as Camus's own rueful reflections upon his passage through the Communist party in Algeria during the 1930s. But Tarrou's conclusions go beyond the admission of political error: "We are all in the plague... All I know is that one must do one's best not to be a plague victim... And this is why I have decided to reject everything that, directly or indirectly, makes people die or justifies others in making them die."
This is the authentic voice of Albert Camus and it sketches out the position he would take towards ideological dogma, political or judicial murder, and all forms of ethical irresponsibility for the rest of his life - a stance that would later cost him dearly in friends and even influence in the polarised world of the Parisian intelligentsia.
- 2] Importance of being earnest
This novel is also autobiography work .
The successful opening night marked the climax of Wilde's career but also heralded his downfall. The Marquess of Queensberry, whose son Lord Alfred Douglas was Wilde's lover, planned to present the writer with a bouquet of rotten vegetables and disrupt the show. Wilde was tipped off and Queensberry was refused admission. Their feud came to a climax in court, where Wilde's homosexuality was revealed to the Victorian public and he was sentenced to imprisonment. Despite the play's early success, Wilde's notoriety caused the play to be closed after 86 performances. After his release from prison, he published the play from exile in Paris, but he wrote no further comic or dramatic work.
- 1] Story related some fact.
The text of "The Plague" is divided in 5 part .
At the same way French resistance history divide in 5 part , second world war time.
1] 1940 : The refus absurde.
2] 1941: Armed resistance begins.
3] 1992: The struggle in tensifies.
4] 1943: A mass movement emerges.
5] 1944: The height of the resistance.
This all 5 part shows that novel follow this chronologically all open down will follow by Albert camus that chronicle order is follow in his novel.
- Character and their representation as a nation.
1] Dr.Bernard Rieux French resistance
2] Jean Tarrou. Britain
3] Raymond Rambert. U.S.A.
4] Joseph Grand. French Government
5] Father Paneloux. The great race of Aryan
6] Cottard. Catholics, Protestan
7] Plague. Nazi, Second world war
8] Algerian city of Oran French Jewish people victimised in second world war
VictimCitizen of Plague
- Allegorical tone
The novel has been read as an allegorical treatment of the French resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II. The Plague represents how the world deals with the philosophical notion of the Absurd, a theory that Camus himself helped to define.
Absalom and Achitophel is a celebrated satirical poem by John Dryden, written in heroic couplets and first published in 1681. The poem tells the Biblical tale of the rebellion of Absalom against King David; in this context it is an allegory used to represent a story contemporary to Dryden, concerning King Charles II and the Exclusion Crisis (1679-1681). The poem also references the Popish Plot (1678) and the Monmouth Rebellion (1685).
- Historical reading
If we won to see historical narration techniques . Then we find that midnight children novel go parallel.
1) here in this novel The talk about second world war and it's focusing on Francis resistance against Nazi or the against the Germany.
2) same way we can find in this novel let's talk about Bangladesh freedom movement and it's war history of 1981
- Metaphysical technique.
In this novel " Plague " word used for Germany or the second world war.The novel has been read as an allegorical treatment of the French resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II.
- The word earnest
Importance of being earnest in this novel we find that same way the word earnest has double meaning.
The Importance of being Earnest suddenly has a hot and hidden new narrative in which Wilde hides exclusively gay content for his queer audience while simultaneously covering the surface of his play with his regular, socially acceptable, humor, wit and charm. One play, two audiences and here’s how.
The name Ernest was a slang word for a homosexual in the late nineteenth century seen here in a line from a book of gay love poetry by an Oxford classmate of Wilde’s (John Gambril Nicholson) titled Love in Earnest (1882). “While Earnest sets my heart aflame.”
As briefly discussed before, homosexuality in Great Britain was publically shamed and even punishable by law, therefore men had to remain silent about their gay love interests.
Through the naked eye, any audience would understand the play, but they wouldn’t. Coded into the text are gay allusions and humor that perhaps only those in England’s queer community would understand. By doing this he pays homage to his sexuality that has been suppressed unfairly by his government. A bit of a rebel don’t you think? It is the masterful way he creates one play for two audiences that sets him apart from other authors and the memories of readers. No matter how you look at The Importance of Being Earnest, Wilde’s works are so amazing you may undoubtedly accumulate some debt from all your amazon purchases of them, but just remember when it comes to Mr. Wilde detail, it’s always worth taking a second look.
- Work Citation
1]. Judt, Tony. “A Hero for Our Times.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 17 Nov. 2001, www.theguardian.com/books/2001/nov/17/albertcamus.
2] “French Resistance.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Apr. 2020, en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Resistance.
3]. “The Plague.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 1 May 2020, en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Plague.
4] “Absalom and Achitophel.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Mar. 2020, en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absalom_and_Achitophel
5] Hunter, W. (n.d.). A Wilde Coincidence: Gay Theory and The Importance of Being Earnest. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/31944435/A_Wilde_Coincidence_Gay_Theory_and_The_Importance_of_Being_Earnest
Well explained
ReplyDeleteThanks Hema.
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